Navigating the complex terminologies of maritime law, particularly when it comes to maritime zones and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), can be a daunting task for interpreters. To assist in this endeavor, we have compiled a list of 50 key terms, their meanings, and their Indonesian translations.

English Term	Meaning	Indonesian Translation
1. Baseline	The line from which the seaward limits of a state’s territorial sea and certain other maritime zones of jurisdiction are measured	Garis pangkal
2. Bay	A broad inlet of the sea where the land curves inward	Teluk
3. Territorial Sea	A belt of coastal waters extending at most 12 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state	Laut teritorial
4. Contiguous Zone	The area of sea adjacent to and extending beyond the territorial sea, up to 24 nautical miles from the baseline	Zona tambahan
5. Continental Shelf	The extended margin of each continent and associated coastal plain, often extending up to continental slope	Landas Kontinen
6. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)	A sea zone over which a state has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources	Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE)
7. High Seas	The parts of the ocean that are not included in the economic zone, territorial sea or internal waters of any state	Laut lepas
8. Archipelagic Waters	The waters enclosed by the archipelagic baselines	Perairan kepulauan
9. Archipelagic State	A state constituted wholly by one or more archipelagos	Negara kepulauan
10. Straits Used for International Navigation	A narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two large areas of water	Selat yang digunakan untuk navigasi internasional
11. Internal Waters	Waters on the landward side of the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured	Perairan pedalaman
12. UNCLOS	United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, an international treaty that provides a regulatory framework for the use of the world’s seas and oceans	Konvensi PBB tentang Hukum Laut
13. Innocent Passage	Passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial to the peace, good order or security of the coastal State	Lintas damai
14. Hot Pursuit	A chase by a law enforcement vessel of a vessel that has violated laws within a country’s jurisdiction	Pengejaran seketika
15. Maritime Boundary	Conceptual division of the Earth’s water surface areas using physiographic or geopolitical criteria	Batas maritim
16. Nautical Mile	A unit of measurement used in maritime contexts, equal to 1.852 kilometers	Mil laut
17. Flag State	The state under whose laws a vessel is registered or licensed	Negara bendera
18. Port State Control	Inspection of foreign ships in national ports to verify that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with international regulations	Kontrol negara pelabuhan
19. Seabed	The bottom of the ocean	Dasar laut
20. Subsoil	The layer of soil beneath the surface soil	Tanah bawah laut
21. Fisheries	Places for catching fish and other sea creatures	Perikanan
22. Pollution	Introduction of contaminants into the natural environment causing adverse changes	Pencemaran
23. Marine Environment	The oceans and seas that cover more than 70% of the earth’s surface	Lingkungan laut
24. Overflight Rights	The rights of aircraft of one state to fly over the territory of another state	Hak terbang melintasi negara lain
25. Dispute Resolution	The process of resolving disputes between parties	Penyelesaian sengketa
26. Tribunal	A body established to settle certain types of disputes	Pengadilan
27. Arbitration	The use of an arbitrator to settle a dispute	Arbitrase
28. Codification	The process of stating laws in a systematic and comprehensive way	Kodifikasi
29. Customary International Law	International obligations arising from established state practice	Hukum kebiasaan internasional
30. Treaty	A formally concluded and ratified agreement between states	Traktat
31. Ratification	The action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid	Ratifikasi
32. Sovereignty	Supreme power or authority	Kedaulatan
33. Jurisdiction	The official power to make legal decisions and judgments	Yurisdiksi
34. Nationality	The legal relationship between a person and a state	Kewarganegaraan
35. Vessel	A ship or large boat	Kapal
36. Warship	A ship equipped for warfare	Kapal perang
37. Marine Research	Studies of physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the ocean	Penelitian laut
38. Marine Technology	The use of advanced technology for marine activities such as research, exploration, exploitation, etc.	Teknologi laut
39. Marine Resources	Natural resources found in the ocean and other marine bodies	Sumber daya laut
40. Marine Species	Species that live in the oceans or the brackish waters of coastal estuaries	Spesies laut
41. Navigation	The process or activity of accurately ascertaining one’s position and planning and following a route	Navigasi
42. Coastal State	A state with a coastline	Negara pantai
43. Landlocked State	A country entirely enclosed by land	Negara yang tidak memiliki laut
44. Geodetic Datum	A reference system representing the shape and size of the earth	Datum geodetik
45. Hydrographic Survey	The measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation	Survei hidrografi
46. Chart Datum	A reference level for depths shown on a nautical chart	Datum peta laut
47. Echo Sounding	A type of sonar used to determine the depth of water	Pengukuran kedalaman
48. Marine Debris	Any persistent solid material that is manufactured or processed and directly or indirectly, intentionally or unintentionally, disposed of or abandoned into the marine environment	Sampah laut
49. Marine Protected Area	Areas of the ocean where human activity is more strictly regulated than the surrounding waters	Kawasan laut yang dilindungi
50. Sea Level Rise	An increase in the level of the world’s oceans due to climate change	Kenaikan muka air laut

Hopefully, this glossary can serve as a valuable resource for Indonesian interpreters working within the realms of maritime law and UNCLOS. It provides them with a comprehensive understanding of the technical terms often found in this field and their corresponding translations in Indonesian.

Posted by Luh Windiari
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